Hair Beauty: Most Effective Supplements

Hair is much more than a simple aesthetic attribute. They reflect our overall health and indicate our lifestyle habits. But to take good care of them, it is essential to understand their composition, the factors that influence their quality, and the solutions available to keep them healthy.

The Structure of Hair

Each hair is a complex keratinized structure that grows from the hair follicle, a cavity located in the dermis. The hair itself consists of three main layers: • The cuticle, the outer protective layer made of overlapping scales, provides a barrier against external aggressions. A healthy cuticle is synonymous with shiny hair. • The cortex, representing the main part of the hair, contains proteins (particularly keratin) and melanin pigments responsible for hair color. • The medulla, at the center of the hair, is sometimes absent and plays a minor role in hair structure. The hair follicle is connected to the vascular network, providing the hair with the nutrients necessary for their growth. This process follows a cycle of three phases: the growth phase (anagen), the transition phase (catagen), and the resting phase (telogen).

Premature Graying

Graying is a natural phenomenon linked to the decrease in melanin production. However, factors such as stress, vitamin B12 deficiencies, or metabolic disorders can accelerate this process. The accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (linked to oxidative stress) in hair follicles also plays a role, inhibiting the synthesis of melanin. A diet rich in antioxidants can slow down this process.

Alopecia or Hair Loss

Hair loss, whether temporary or chronic, is influenced by genetic, hormonal, or environmental factors. Hormonal imbalances, stress, and iron or zinc deficiency are among the main causes. Androgenetic alopecia, in particular, is linked to the sensitivity of follicles to androgen hormones.

Essential Nutrients

The hair requires a set of essential nutrients to maintain their health, vitality, and appearance. Among the proteins, keratin plays a fundamental role, and its integrity depends on sufficient intake of essential amino acids. Biotin, also known as vitamin B8, is essential for keratin synthesis, and although a deficiency is rare in Western diets, it can lead to hair loss or fragile texture. Iron, essential for the oxygenation of follicles, is often associated with hair loss when deficient. This deficiency is particularly common in women with heavy menstruation or people following diets low in meat. Vitamin C, in turn, facilitates iron absorption and contributes to the synthesis of collagen, a key component of the scalp. Vitamins D and E provide complementary support. Vitamin D is involved in the follicle growth cycle, and its deficiency is linked to conditions such as alopecia. Vitamin E, with its antioxidant properties, protects follicle cells against oxidative stress. Trace elements like zinc and selenium also play crucial roles. Zinc participates in cellular repair and the regulation of follicle growth, while selenium acts as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes, though an excess can paradoxically cause hair loss. Finally, essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins (A and K) are important for nourishing the scalp and preventing dryness. A balanced diet rich in these nutrients is indispensable for supporting hair health, as illustrated by recent research.