Prostate Cancer: Most Effective Dietary Supplements

Prostate cancer, or prostate adenocarcinoma, is a malignant tumor that develops within the prostate gland. It is a cancer primarily diagnosed in older men, often after the age of 50, and is characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled growth of prostate cells.

Epidemiology

Prostate cancer represents a major public health issue due to its high frequency. In 2000, over 540,000 new cases of prostate cancer were recorded worldwide, making it the third most common cancer in men.

Risk Factors

The main risk factors identified for prostate cancer are: 2 Advanced Age: The majority of cases are diagnosed after the age of 65. 2 Family History: A family history of prostate or breast cancer increases the risk. 2 Ethnic Origin: Men of African descent, such as African Americans, are at a higher risk. 2 Genetic and Environmental Factors: Genetic variations and environmental factors, such as diet, play a role in the disease incidence.

Symptoms

Symptoms of prostate cancer may include: 2 Difficulty urinating, with a weak or interrupted urinary flow. 2 Frequent need to urinate, especially at night. 2 Pain or burning sensation during urination. 2 Presence of blood in urine or semen. 2 Pain in the lower back, hips, or pelvis. These symptoms may, however, be absent in the early stages of the disease.

Treatment

The treatment of prostate cancer depends on its stage and the patient's overall condition. Therapeutic options include: 2 Radical Prostatectomy: Surgery to remove the prostate. 2 Radiotherapy: Use of radiation to destroy cancer cells. 2 Hormone Therapy: Treatment aimed at blocking male hormones (androgens) that stimulate the cancer's growth. 2 Chemotherapy: Use of drugs to kill cancer cells. 2 Active Surveillance: Regular observation without immediate treatment for less aggressive forms.

Prognosis

The prognosis of prostate cancer varies depending on several factors, including the stage of the disease at diagnosis and the tumor's aggressiveness. Thanks to advances in screening and treatment techniques, particularly the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), diagnosis often occurs at an earlier stage, improving the chances of recovery. However, prostate cancer can progress to more aggressive forms and become resistant to hormone treatments over time.