Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Most Effective Supplements

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), also known as prostate adenoma, is a non-cancerous increase in the size of the prostate. It mainly affects older men, with a prevalence that rises after 40 years, reaching up to 40% of men after 70 years. BPH is often linked to hormonal changes with age, particularly an increase in the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a derivative of testosterone that stimulates prostate cell proliferation. This growth of the prostate puts pressure on the urethra, leading to bothersome urinary symptoms such as difficulty urinating and frequent urges.

Causes of BPH

The development of BPH is primarily influenced by age-related hormonal changes, including an increase in dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a derivative of testosterone. DHT stimulates prostate cell proliferation, leading to progressive prostate enlargement. The conversion of testosterone to DHT is facilitated by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, a common target of medications for BPH. Also, increased estrogen levels in older men, due to the conversion of testosterone via the enzyme aromatase, may also contribute to this growth.

Symptoms

The symptoms of BPH are mainly related to urethral obstruction caused by prostate growth. They can be divided into two categories: 2 Obstructive symptoms: difficulty starting urination, decreased urine flow, feeling of incomplete bladder emptying. 22 Irritative symptoms: frequent urges to urinate, urgent need to urinate, especially at night. These symptoms can be assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), a questionnaire that evaluates the severity of urinary disorders and their impact on quality of life. This score helps doctors decide on the appropriate treatment.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of BPH involves several steps. The doctor begins with an assessment of the discomfort felt, often using the IPSS score. Then, a clinical examination is performed, including a digital rectal exam, which allows palpation of the prostate to assess its size and consistency. Additional tests such as renal bladder prostate ultrasound, urinary flowmetry, and PSA (prostate-specific antigen) level measurement help rule out prostate cancer or other pathologies.

Treatments

The treatment of BPH is tailored according to the severity of symptoms. It may include lifestyle modifications, medications, or surgical interventions in more severe cases. 22 Hygienic-dietary modifications: It is recommended to increase fiber intake to avoid constipation, reduce alcohol and spices that may irritate the bladder, and maintain regular physical activity. 22 Medications: Alpha-blockers, like Urorec or Silodyx, facilitate urine flow by relaxing the muscles of the prostate and bladder. 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, such as Avodart, reduce prostate size by blocking the conversion of testosterone to DHT. Plant extracts, like Permixon, are sometimes used, although their effectiveness varies. 22 Combined treatments: The combination of an alpha-blocker with a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor is often more effective than monotherapy in reducing symptoms and preventing complications. 22 Surgical treatments: When medications are insufficient or if the prostate is very large, procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or adenomectomy may be considered. For less severe cases, laser treatments or thermotherapy are less invasive alternatives.