Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Most Effective Dietary Supplements

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and systems in the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and nervous system. This condition is characterized by the production of autoantibodies targeting the body's own cells, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. Lupus often progresses in flare-ups, with periods of remission where symptoms are less intense.

Causes and Mechanism

Lupus occurs when the immune system attacks its own tissues, leading to widespread inflammation. This is due to a loss of immunological tolerance, triggering the production of autoantibodies like antinuclear and anti-DNA antibodies. These antibodies form immune complexes that deposit in various organs, causing damage.

Risk Factors

SLE is more common in women, especially of childbearing age, due to hormonal influences. Genetic predispositions play a role, as do certain environmental factors like infections, stress, sun exposure, or certain medications.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lupus vary greatly from person to person and can affect multiple parts of the body. c22/span> :Skin: Rashes, often butterfly-shaped on the face, and increased sun sensitivity. Some develop chronic plaques called discoid lupus, or hair loss (alopecia). 7c22/span> :Joints: Polyarthritis mainly affecting small joints of the hands and wrists, causing pain and stiffness without permanent deformities. 7c22/span> :General system: Chronic fatigue, fever, anemia, and weight loss. 7c22/span> :Kidneys: Lupus can cause glomerulonephritis, kidney inflammation that, if untreated, can lead to chronic renal failure. 7c22/span> :Nervous system: Neurological disorders like seizures, cognitive impairment, or psychosis may occur. 7c22/span> :Heart and lungs: Cardiac (pericarditis) or pulmonary (pleurisy) inflammations are common. Sometimes, lupus can cause pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Complications

Lupus can lead to serious complications. The most common include kidney failure, sometimes necessitating dialysis or transplantation. Severe neurological disorders like seizures or psychiatric disorders, as well as cardiovascular diseases, are also possible consequences. Due to the weakening of the immune system, patients are also more susceptible to infections.

Treatment

Treatment for lupus aims to control symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and minimize organ damage. 7c22/span> :Maintenance treatment: Hydroxychloroquine is commonly used for its anti-inflammatory effects and to reduce relapses. In severe cases, immunosuppressants like azathioprine or mycophenolate may be prescribed. 7c22/span> :Flare-up treatment: Corticosteroids are used to control acute inflammation. In some refractory cases, biological treatments like rituximab or belimumab are necessary. 7c22/span> :Managing complications: Regular follow-ups with specialists are essential to adjust treatments and monitor for any complications. People with lupus should avoid prolonged sun exposure, quit smoking, and maintain moderate physical activity to reduce the risk of complications.