Bone Health: Most Effective Supplements

Bone health relies on a dynamic balance between the formation and resorption of bone tissue, a process known as bone remodeling. This constant renewal is regulated by osteoblasts, responsible for bone formation, and osteoclasts, which ensure resorption. This process is influenced by hormonal, nutritional, and mechanical factors. Bone mineral density (BMD), a key indicator of bone health, is measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This examination evaluates the amount of minerals contained in the bones, allowing the diagnosis of conditions like osteoporosis. A BMD lower than 2.5 standard deviations from the average of young adults indicates bone fragility and a risk of fractures. Bone tissue is supported by a vascular network ensuring the supply of nutrients and oxygen. Good vascularization is essential for osteogenesis, particularly during growth phases or after a fracture. Regular physical exercises stimulate remodeling and improve bone microarchitecture. Bone fragility, often due to hormonal deficits, calcium or vitamin D deficiencies, or even sedentariness, increases the risk of fractures. The most frequent fractures are those of the hip, wrist, and vertebrae. Prevention strategies include a diet rich in calcium, sun exposure for vitamin D synthesis, and suitable exercises.