Resveratrol: benefits, dosage, contraindications
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Phytosubstances
Indications
Rating methodology
EFSA approval.
Metabolic syndrome ✪✪✪✪✪
Studies show resveratrol was not significantly effective on total cholesterol or inflammatory markers compared to placebo in middle-aged men with metabolic syndrome. Human study subgroup analysis results showed resveratrol has a significant effect on metabolic parameters at doses > 500 mg and with long-term interventions ≥ 10 weeks. Resveratrol administration can significantly reduce waist circumference, triglycerides, and glucose levels, and it may increase HDL, but not total cholesterol. In this context, we can conclude that resveratrol supplementation may be a complement for managing metabolic syndrome and its complications.
Posologie
Oral route
500 - 1000 mg
10 - weeks
Emotional balance ✪✪✪✪✪
Meta-analysis results showed resveratrol has no significant effect on memory or cognitive performance, however, it has potential to improve mood, vitality, and fatigue status.
Posologie
Oral route
Obesity ✪✪✪✪✪
A meta-analysis of 28 clinical trials shows that taking resveratrol reduces body weight by 0.5 kg, body mass index (BMI) by 0.17 kg/m2, and waist circumference by 0.8 cm compared to placebo or no intervention. This analysis included studies on patients with normal weight, overweight, and obesity, whether or not they had type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or other chronic diseases. A subgroup analysis suggests that obese patients respond better to resveratrol. Obese patients taking resveratrol experienced an average weight reduction of 1.15 kg and a BMI reduction of 0.3 kg/m2 compared to placebo. The greatest impact on body weight and BMI occurred with resveratrol doses of 500 mg per day and treatment durations of 3 months or more.
Posologie
Oral route
500 - 500 mg
3 - months
Oxidative Stress ✪✪✪✪✪
Resveratrol, a powerful antioxidant, plays a dual role in combating oxidative stress. On the one hand, it enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and on the other hand, it acts as a scavenger of free radicals. Resveratrol also prevents the oxidation of LDL (low-density lipoproteins), thereby contributing to the prevention of atherosclerosis. Studies have shown that a daily supplementation of 500 mg of resveratrol can significantly increase serum levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase), a key antioxidant enzyme, and total antioxidant capacity, while reducing MDA (malondialdehyde) concentrations, a marker of cellular damage.
Posologie
Oral route
500 mg
Healthy Aging ✪✪✪✪✪
Resveratrol is an intriguing anti-aging molecule with diverse biological activity. It functions as a dual antioxidant that can neutralize free radicals and enhance intrinsic antioxidant capacity. Moreover, resveratrol boosts mitochondrial biogenesis and possesses anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities.
Posologie
Oral route
150 - 500 mg
Acne ✪✪✪✪✪
Topical application of resveratrol in a cream reduced acne evaluation scores by more than half, as well as the number of lesions.
Posologie
Dermal route
cream
Alzheimer's Disease ✪✪✪✪✪
Resveratrol may alleviate dementia related to Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting the production of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and abnormal Aβ oligomerization, promoting Aβ clearance, and regulating tau neuropathology by inhibiting abnormal tau phosphorylation and aggregation. Resveratrol protects neurons from reactive oxygen species (ROS), peroxide free radicals, NO, and other intracellular and extracellular toxins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties of resveratrol prevent neuroinflammation and toxicity induced by Aβ by inhibiting NF-κB signaling in microglia and astrocytes. Additionally, resveratrol is thought to have anti-apoptotic activity. These biochemical activities suggest that resveratrol has a potentially strong therapeutic effect for Alzheimer's disease. There is strong evidence that resveratrol is effective in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, but its efficacy in humans is not yet clearly demonstrated. In fact, the results are somewhat contradictory. It is possible that poor extraction efficacy and limited chemical stability of resveratrol could be the main barriers limiting its clinical application.
Posologie
Oral route
500 - 1000 mg
Examining the Impact of Grape Consumption on Brain Metabolism and Cognitive Function in Patients With Mild Decline in Cognition: A Double-Blinded Placebo Controlled Pilot Study
Resveratrol Regulates Neuro-Inflammation and Induces Adaptive Immunity in Alzheimer's Disease
Resveratrol in Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Models: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies
Osteoarthritis ✪✪✪✪✪
A small clinical study conducted on patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis receiving physical therapy and 15 mg of meloxicam per day shows that adding 500 mg of resveratrol per day for 90 days improves pain, function, and stiffness compared to adding a placebo.
Posologie
Oral route
500 - 1000 mg
Type 2 Diabetes ✪✪✪✪✪
There is conflicting evidence on the effects of resveratrol in diabetic patients. A preliminary clinical study showed that taking resveratrol at a dose of 250 mg once a day for 3 months, in combination with antidiabetic drugs (metformin and/or glibenclamide), reduces HbA1c and fasting blood glucose compared to antidiabetics alone in patients with type 2 diabetes. A meta-analysis of the results of this study and another small clinical trial also shows that taking 250 to 1000 mg of resveratrol per day for up to 3 months reduces fasting blood glucose by 35 mg/dL, fasting insulin by 4.6 mcIU/mL, and HbA1c by 0.8 compared to placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes. In most studies, resveratrol is taken at doses between 250-1000 mg per day for up to 3 months.
Posologie
Oral route
250 - 1000 mg
3 - months
Adults
Properties
Anti-inflammatory
Resveratrol acts as a potent anti-inflammatory by interfering with key molecular pathways, including NF-kB and MAPK, thus reducing the production of inflammatory mediators like CRP and TNF-alpha. However, it does not affect IL-6 levels. These results suggest that resveratrol could be beneficial in reducing inflammatory states associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Usages associés
Anti-aging
Resveratrol, renowned for its anti-aging properties, regulates the expression of microRNAs, influencing longevity and cellular health. It activates key molecules such as sirtuins and SIRT1 (proteins known for their role in longevity regulation) and stimulates the expression of the Klotho gene, known for its anti-aging effects. By inhibiting mitochondrial ATP synthase, resveratrol increases tumor suppressor protein TP53 levels and promotes SIRT1 expression, suggesting significant potential in combating aging and associated diseases. Resveratrol may also act by increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).
Usages associés
Cardiovascular
Resveratrol holds interest for cardiovascular disease prevention due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Preliminary research suggests that chronic administration of resveratrol could improve myocardial function in myocardial ischemia models. Other potential cardioprotective effects of resveratrol, shown in human and laboratory research, include regulation of vasodilation and vasoconstriction, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Resveratrol has been shown to modulate endothelial cell activity and nitric oxide production. Additionally, research results in humans and animals suggest resveratrol might reduce blood pressure.
Usages associés
Antioxidant
Resveratrol reduces elevated oxidative stress levels by scavenging ROS (reactive oxygen species), as demonstrated by several in vitro and in vivo studies. To recall, oxidative stress occurs when ROS concentration is not controlled by internal antioxidants. To characterize oxidative stress in various pathological conditions, oxidative stress markers such as total antioxidant status or total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde, carbonyl protein, and sulfhydryl groups are evaluated. A recent meta-analysis revealed that resveratrol supplementation increased TAC levels, while having no notable effects on oxidative markers such as SOD, catalase, or glutathione peroxidase.
Usages associés
Metabolic
Clinical research has shown that resveratrol could reduce blood sugar and A1c hemoglobin levels and improve insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it doesn't seem to improve beta-cell function. Some clinical evidence attributes the antidiabetic effects of resveratrol to its ability to reduce oxidative stress. Furthermore, the antidiabetic effects of resveratrol could result from its ability to modulate enzymes involved in inflammation and apoptosis.
Usages associés
Neurological
Resveratrol could play a role in Alzheimer's disease prevention. In vitro, resveratrol prevents glutathione reductions related to beta-amyloid peptide, suggesting it could prevent oxidative damage caused by the peptide. Resveratrol also appears to block beta-amyloid aggregation. It has been evaluated for effects on presumed Alzheimer's disease markers such as tau proteins and Ab40 (recall: combined presence of beta-amyloid and tau protein aggregates are hallmark signs of Alzheimer's disease). Clinical research shows taking encapsulated resveratrol starting at 500 mg daily for 52 weeks resulted in changes in some markers. Authors concluded resveratrol and its main metabolites penetrated the blood-brain barrier to affect the central nervous system. Resveratrol increases cerebral blood flow, as evidenced by increased hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin (non-oxygen binding hemoglobin). It's possible resveratrol protects against neuronal apoptotic cell death by modulating apoptotic gene expression or interfering with signaling pathways.
Usages associés
Anticancer
Resveratrol holds promise for cancer prevention and mortality improvement. Trans-resveratrol has antimutagenic activity. Preliminary animal model research suggests resveratrol could reduce cancer risk. It seems to inhibit tumor growth, promote apoptosis, and delay metastasis formation. Resveratrol's effect on cell apoptosis varies by condition. In some cases, it facilitates apoptosis and in others, inhibits it. In vitro, low concentrations of resveratrol inhibit hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Additionally, resveratrol inhibits growth and induces death in ovarian cancer cell lines. However, cell death seems mediated by autophagic processes rather than apoptosis. Resveratrol also inhibits growth and induces apoptotic cell death in breast cancer, medulloblastoma, and other cell lines in vitro. However, in an animal model, resveratrol addition to diet does not decrease intestinal tumor burden as measured by COX-2 expression.
Safety dosage
Adult: 200 mg - 500 mg
Resveratrol has been most commonly used at doses of 250 to 500 mg per day for up to 3 months.
Interactions
Médicaments
CYP450 substrates: moderate interaction
In vitro research suggests that resveratrol inhibits the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 2E1 (CYP2E1). Furthermore, a pharmacokinetic study shows that taking 500 mg of resveratrol per day for 10 days before taking a single 250 mg dose of chlorzoxazone increases the maximum concentration of chlorzoxazone by about 54%, the area under the curve of chlorzoxazone by about 72%, and the half-life of chlorzoxazone by about 35%. Theoretically, resveratrol could increase the levels of other drugs metabolized by this enzyme. Drugs metabolized by CYP2E1 include acetaminophen, chlorzoxazone, ethanol, theophylline, and anesthetics such as enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and methoxyflurane.
Precautions
Surgical intervention: use with caution
Resveratrol has antiplatelet effects and may cause excessive bleeding if used perioperatively. It is recommended to stop resveratrol at least 2 weeks before non-urgent surgery.
Hormone-sensitive conditions: avoid
Since resveratrol may have estrogenic effects, women with hormone-sensitive conditions should avoid resveratrol. Some of these conditions include breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids.
Pregnant women: avoid
Insufficient data.
Breastfeeding women: avoid
Insufficient data.
